What type of attacks attempts to overload a server with traffic?

A Denial of Service (DoS) attack is specifically designed to overwhelm a server with excessive traffic, making it difficult or impossible for legitimate users to access the services provided by that server. This type of attack floods the target with so many requests that it cannot handle the load, leading to service degradation or complete shutdown.

In a DoS attack, malicious actors may use various methods to generate fake traffic or send numerous requests to the server. The intent is to exhaust the server's resources, such as bandwidth, memory, or CPU, effectively denying access to real users. This can be particularly damaging for websites and online services, as it can result in loss of business and trust.

Other attack types mentioned do not primarily focus on overwhelming servers with traffic. A Man-in-the-Middle attack involves intercepting communication between two parties without their knowledge, while a Phishing attack aims to deceive individuals into providing sensitive information. A Brute Force attack tries to gain unauthorized access by systematically guessing passwords but does not involve overloading a server with traffic. Therefore, the nature of a Denial of Service attack aligns directly with the concept of overloading servers.